WATER RELATION, GAS EXCHANGE AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF COCONUT (COCOS NUCIFERA, L.) UNDER UNIRRIGATED AND IRRIGATED CONDITIONS
Keywords:
Irrigated Conditions, Dry Matter Production of Coconut
Abstract
The response of local West Coast Tall (WCT) and the two hybrids viz., WCT x Chowghat Orange dwarf (COD) and COD x WCT to moisture availability in terms of water relation, gas exchange and dry matter (DM) production was studied. Discernible differences were noticed between the irrigation treatment (viz., irrigated vs unirrigated) with lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in the palms with out irrigation. Irrespective of the cultivar of hybrid leaf water potential was also significantly higher in irrigated palms. Net assimilation rate was lower under uniriigated condition. However genotypic or treatment differences were not significant. Annual DM production also vaned markedly between the irrigation treatments. Treatment differences were significant on the reproductive (RDM) rather then vegetative DM (VDM) production. Under the irrigation treatment the hybrids performed better than the local tall However the percentage reduction in the DM production was relatively less in the local WCT cultivar under unirrigated as compared with irrigated condition. The studies clearly highlighted the beneficial effects of irrigation on DM production and yield in coconut and the adaptability of the local WCT variety under limited water supply than the two hybrids.
References
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Shivashankar, S., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Rajagopal, V. (1991). Leaf Water potential, stomatal resistance and activities of enzymes during the development of moisture stress in the coconut palm. Trop. Agric. 68: 105 110.
Smith, B.G. (1989). The effect of soil water and atmospheric vapour pressure deficit on stomatal behaviour and photosynthesis in the oll palm. J. Expt. Bot. 40: 647 651
Sobrado, M.A., Tumer, N.C. (1986). A comparison of the water relation characteristics of Helianthus annuus and Helianthus petiolaris when subjected to water deficits. Oecologia 58: 308 313
Voleti, S.R., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Nambiar C.K.B., Rajagopa, V. (l 993). Influence of soil type on the development of moisture stress in coconut. Oleagineux 46(12): 505 509.
Aggarwal, P.K. and Sinha, S.K. (1983). Water stress and water use efficiency in field grown wheat. A comparison of its efficiency with that of C, plants. Agric. Meteorol. 29:159 167
Anonymous (1988). Annual Report of 1987, CPCRI Kasragod pp. 49 53.
Balasunha, D; Daniel, E.V. and Bhat, P. G. (l991). Influence of environmental factors on photosynthesis of cocoa trees. Agric. Forest. Meteorol. 55:15 21
Brodribb, T. (1996). Dynamics of changing intercellular CO, concentration. (Ci) during drought and determination of minimurn functional Ci. Plant physiol. 111: 179 185
Cornic, G. and Bniantais, J.M. (1991). Partitioning of photosynthetic election flow between CO2 and O2 reduction in a C3 leaf (Phaseolus vulgaris) at different CO2 concentration and during drought stress. Planta 183: 178 184.
Farguhar, G.D. and Sharkey, T.D. (1982). Stornatal conductance and photosynthes1s. Ann. Rev. Plant. Physiol. 33:317 345.
Fischer, R A. and Turner, N.C. (1978). Plant productivity in the and zones. Ann. Rev. Plant. Physiol. 29:277 317
Foale, M. A. (1993). Physiological basis for yield in coconut. In Nair, M.K., H.H. Khan, P. Gopalasundaram and E.V.V. Bhaskara Rao (des.). Advances in Coconut Research and Development Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. PVT. Ltd., New Delhi pp. 181 189
Gollan, T; Tumer, N.C. and Schulze, E.D. (1985). The responses of staniata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficit and soll water content. III. In the sclerophyllous woody species in Nerium oleander: Oecologia 65:356 362.
Kasturi Bal K.V., Voleti, S.R. and Rajagopal, V. (1988). Water relations of coconut palms as influenced by environmental variables. Agric. Forest. Meteorol. 43: 193 199.
Kasturi Bal, K.V., Rajagopal, V., Prabha, CA, Ratnambal, M.J. and George, M.V. (1996). Evaluation of coconut cultivars and hybrids for dry matter production J. Plantation crops 24:23 28
Kozlowsld, T. T. (l981). Woody Plant Communities. In: Water deficits and plant growth. T.T. Kozlowski (ed.) Vol. VI. Academic press. Inc. New York.
Milburn, J.A., Zimmerman, M.H. (1977). Preliminary studies on sap flow in Cocos nucifera, L. I. Water relations in xylem transport. New Phytol. 79: 535 541.
Nelliat, E.V., Padmaja, P.K. (1978). Irrigation requirement of coconut arid response to levels of fertilizer under irrigated condition during the early bearing stage. In: Nelliat E.V. (ed.) Proc. Placrosyrn 1. Kasaragod. pp. 186 189.
Rajagopal, V., Ramadasan, A., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Balasimha, D. (1989). Influence of irrigation on leaf water relations and dry water production in coconut palms. Irrig. Sci. 10:73 81
Rajagopal, V., Kasturi Bal, K.V., Voleti, S.R., Shivashankar, S. (1990). Water stress in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera L.) In: Sinha, S.K., P.V. Sane, S. Bhargawa, P.K. Aggarwal, (eds.) Proceedings International Congress on Plant Physiology. Vol. 1. pp. 508 512
Rajagopal, V., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Pillai, R.V. and Vijayakumar K. (1992). Relationship between physiological characters and nut yield in coconut genotypes under rainfed condition. J. Plantn. Crops. 20 (Suppl): 277 283.
Ramadasan, A. And Mathew, J. (1987). Leaf area and dry matter production in adult coconut palms. J. Plantn. Crops 15: 59 63
Schulze, E.D., Hall, A.E. (1982). Stomatal responses, water loss and C02 assimilation rates of plants in contrasting environments. In: Lange, O.L., P.S. Nobel, C.B. Osmond and H. Zigler (eds.) Physiological Plant Ecology II Water relations and carbon assimilation. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology 12 B. Springer Verlag. pp. 181 230
Sheshshayee, M.S., Krishmaprasad, B.T., Nataraj, K.N., Shankar, A.G., Prasad, T.G. and Udayakumar, M. (1996). Ratio of intercellular C02 concentration to stomatal conductance is a reflection of mesophyll efficiency. Curr. Sci, 70(7): 672 675.
Shivashankar, S., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Rajagopal, V. (1991). Leaf Water potential, stomatal resistance and activities of enzymes during the development of moisture stress in the coconut palm. Trop. Agric. 68: 105 110.
Smith, B.G. (1989). The effect of soil water and atmospheric vapour pressure deficit on stomatal behaviour and photosynthesis in the oll palm. J. Expt. Bot. 40: 647 651
Sobrado, M.A., Tumer, N.C. (1986). A comparison of the water relation characteristics of Helianthus annuus and Helianthus petiolaris when subjected to water deficits. Oecologia 58: 308 313
Voleti, S.R., Kasturi Bai, K.V., Nambiar C.K.B., Rajagopa, V. (l 993). Influence of soil type on the development of moisture stress in coconut. Oleagineux 46(12): 505 509.
Published
1997-06-01
How to Cite
K.V. Kasturi Bai, V. Rajagopal, D. Balasimha, & P. Gopalasudaram. (1997). WATER RELATION, GAS EXCHANGE AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF COCONUT (COCOS NUCIFERA, L.) UNDER UNIRRIGATED AND IRRIGATED CONDITIONS. CORD, 13(02), 34. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v13i02.312
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