WORLD MARKET CONDITIONS, GOVERNMENT POLICY AND THE COCONUT INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Keywords:
World Market, Government Policy, Coconut Industry
Abstract
The Philippines has the largest planted area of coconuts in the world and this crop provides a significant amount of income and employment for smallholders and landless laborers. Nearly all of the coconut harvested is converted into copra for subsequent processing. The bulk of production is exported as crude coconut oil for industrial uses and copra cake for animal feed. Most of the rest goes into refined, edible oil for the domestic market. The industry is subject to major oscillations in supply and demand from year to year. Production is dominated by large‑scale firms currently operating at a low capacity use rate. Real prices may trend downward in the long run due to expanded production from an expansion in the planted area and greater reliance on high‑yield varieties, substitution of other oils, and trade policies of importing countries.
References
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BANZON, JULIAN (Consultant). 1987. Personal communication.
BANZON, JULIAN and JOSE VELASCO. 1982. Coconut Production and Utilization. Manila: Philippine Coconut Research and Development Foundation.
DENDY, D. and W. TIMMINS. 1973. Development of Wet Coconut Process Designed to Extract Protein and Oil from Fresh Coconut. London: Tropical Products Institute.
DEOMAMPO, N. and C. PISIGAN. 1984. "State of the Art Coconut Economics Research." Presented at the Symposium on Coconut Research and Development. Los Banos: Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research.
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PUJANES, O. 1978. Farm Management Study of Inter cropped Coconut Farms in Alaminos, Laguna. Los Banos: University of the Philippines, Undergraduate thesis.
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VALIENTE, A. et al. 1979. Coconut Socio Economic and Marketing Study. Quezon City: Ministry of Agriculture.
WOODROOF, JASPER. 1979. Coconuts: Production, Processing, Products. Westport, CT: Avi Publishing Co.
BANZON, JULIAN (Consultant). 1987. Personal communication.
BANZON, JULIAN and JOSE VELASCO. 1982. Coconut Production and Utilization. Manila: Philippine Coconut Research and Development Foundation.
DENDY, D. and W. TIMMINS. 1973. Development of Wet Coconut Process Designed to Extract Protein and Oil from Fresh Coconut. London: Tropical Products Institute.
DEOMAMPO, N. and C. PISIGAN. 1984. "State of the Art Coconut Economics Research." Presented at the Symposium on Coconut Research and Development. Los Banos: Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research.
GRIMWOOD, BRIAN et al. 1975. Coconut Palm Products: Their Processing in Developing Countries. Rome: FAO.
HAGENMAIER, ROBERT. 1980. Coconut Aqueous Processing. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos Publications.
HYMAN, ERIC, 1988 (a) The Choice of Technology and Scale in Coconut Processing in the Philippines. Washington, D.C. Appropriate Technology International
HYMAN, ERIC, 1988 (b) The Range of Choice in Palm Oil Processing Technologies for Cameroon. Washington, D.C. Appropriate Technology International
JIMENEZ, ARTURO (Consultant). 1987. Personal communication.
JIMENEZ, RUDOLFO. 1986. "Oleochemicals Improving Utilization of Coconut Oil." Coconuts Today, Vol.4, No. 1:56 64.
KEDDIE, J.; M. ALLAL; and A. DAS. 1983. Small Scale Oil Extraction From Groundnuts and Copra. Geneva: International Labor Office, Technology Series, Technical Memo-randum No. 5.
LAMOTHE, M. and F. ROGNON. 1986. "A Choice Based on Results: Hybrids or Talls. " Coconuts Today, Vol. 4, No. 1: 69 76.
LOZADA, ERNESTO. 1979. "The UPLB Copra Dryer." Manila: Proceedings of the Fifth Session of the FAO Technical Working Party on Coconut Production, Protection, and Processing.
MANUEL, P. and M. MAUNAHAN. 1983. Coconut/Copra Marketing System Structure, Conduct and Performance. Los Banos: Philippine Council for Agricultural Resources Research and Development
NEDA 1986. 1986 Philippine Statistical Yearbook. Manila: National Economic and Development Authority
NSTA, 1985. Laundry Bar Soap From Coconut Oil. Manila: National Science and Technology Administration
OLALO, C. 1975. An Analysis of Resource Productivity and Credit Needs of Coconut Farmers in Southers Tagalog. Los Banos: University of the Philippines. Undergraduate thesis.
PUJANES, O. 1978. Farm Management Study of Inter cropped Coconut Farms in Alaminos, Laguna. Los Banos: University of the Philippines, Undergraduate thesis.
SANTOS, G. 1986. "State of the Art: Coconut Production in the Philippines." Coconuts Today, Vol. 4, No 1: 77 86.
TAN, V. 1970. Farm Management Analysis of Selected Coconut Farms in Cantilan. Surigao del Sur. Los Banos: University of the Philippines, Undergraduate thesis.
THIEME, J. 1968. Coconut Oil Processing. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Agri¬cultural Development Paper No. 89.
TIBAYAN, A. 1983. Market Structure, Conduct and Performance of Copra Marketing System in Selected Towns of Bicol Region. Los Banos: University of the Philippines, Master's thesis.
UCAP. 1986a. Concept Paper for a Coconut Industry Development Strategy. Manila: United Coconut Association of the Philippines.
UCAP. 1986b. Coconut Statistics Annual, 1985. Manila: United Coconut Association of the Philippines, Vol. VI, No. XIX.
UCAP. 1986c. "1985 Statistics" Coconuts Today, Vol. 4, No. 1: 117 153.
UCAP. 1987. Weekly Bulletin, Vol. 22 No. 9 (March 5, 1987).
UNIDO. 1977. Guidelines for the Establishment and Operation of Vegetable Oil Factories. New York: United Nations Industrial Development Organization.
UNIDO. 1984. The Vegetable Oil and Fats Industry in Developing Countries. United National Industrial Development Organization, Sectoral Studies Series No. 13, Vol. 1, Vienna: New York.
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS. 1987. Producer Price Indexes. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor.
U.S. Department of State, 1986. Background Notes: Philippines. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office
VALIENTE, A. et al. 1979. Coconut Socio Economic and Marketing Study. Quezon City: Ministry of Agriculture.
WOODROOF, JASPER. 1979. Coconuts: Production, Processing, Products. Westport, CT: Avi Publishing Co.
Published
1990-12-01
How to Cite
Eric L. Hyman, Ph. D. (1990). WORLD MARKET CONDITIONS, GOVERNMENT POLICY AND THE COCONUT INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES. CORD, 6(01), 34. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v6i01.237
Section
Articles
