THE PROBABLE ORIGIN OF LETHAL YELLOWING AND ITS CO¬-IDENTITY WITH OTHER LETHAL DISEASE OF COCONUT
Keywords:
Disease of Coconut, Harmful Infections
Abstract
The working hypothesis is put forward that Lethal Yellowing (LY) disease of coconut originated in Southeast Asia, where the disease is now endemic due to the prevalence of locally resistant to moderately resistant varieties.
The suggestion is made that LY is co‑identical with other lethal diseases of coconut characterized by different symptorn expression. These differences are due to certain morphological and physiological characteristics inherent in coconut 'groups' of different origin.
A hypothesis is also advanced on the existence of different strains of LY, which would explain the differences in susceptibility of certain varieties when grown in different locations. The need for coordinated research to confirm or reject these hypotheses is discussed.
References
1. Anon (1963) New coco malady infests Marinduque, Coco News, 11, 1 8
2. Anon (1976) Coconut Industry Board, Jamaica, West Indies. Sixteenth Report of the Research Department. 46 pp
3. Anon (1977) The Coconut Research Station Saraoutou (New Hebrides). Institut de recherchespour les Huiles et Oleagineux Doc. 1.330
4. Bigomia, A.E. (1979) Personal conununication
5. Carter, W., Latta, R.K. & Suah, J.R.R. (1965). The symptoms of lethal yellowing disease of coconut palms. FAO Plant Prot. Bull. 13, 49 5 5
6. Dollet, M & de Taffin, G. (1979) Progress report on the virological study of the New Hebrides coconut disease. 1 Dec. 1978. IRHO Doc. 1437 (a) Paris.
7. Grylls, N. E. (l976) "La maladie" of coconut palms in New Hebrides
8. Harries, H.C. (197 1) Coconut varieties in America, Oleagianeux 26 235 242
9. Harries, H.C. (1973) Selection and breeding of coconuts for resistance to diseases such as lethal yellowing. Oleagianeux 28, 395 398
l0. Harries, H. C. (l 97 8) Lethal yellowmg disease of coconuts in global perspective. Phil. J Coconut Studies 3, 1 4
11. Harries, H.C. (1978) The evolution, dissemination and classification of Cocos nucifera. Botanical Review 44, 265 320.
12. Ho, D.T., Loh, H.P.& Chan, E.(1980) Germination, nursery practices and field planting techniques for MAWA hybrid coconut. Proc. Int. Conf Cocoa & Coconuts. Kuala Lumpur, Incorporated Society of Planters (1978) pp. 557 567
13. Hunt, P., Dabek, AJ. & Schuilmig, M. (1974). Rermission of symptoms following tetracyline treatment of lethal yellowing infected coconut pahns. Phytopathology 64, 607 312
14. Johnston, A. (1960). A preliminary plant disease surveymi Sarawak. FAO, Rome.
15. Leppik, E.E. (1970) Gene centres of plants as sources of disease resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopath. 8, 323 344.
16. Liyanage, D.V. (1978) Personal communication
17. Maramorosch, K. (1964) A survey of coconut diseases of unknown etiology. FAO, Rome.
18. Meadows, D.J. (1978) Personal communication
19. Purseglove, J.W. (1968) Origin and distribution of the coconut. Trop. Sci. 10. 191 199
20. Renard, J.L. Quillec, D. & Arnaud, F. (1975) Une nouvelle maladle du cocotier en pepiniere. Oleagineux 30, 169 112
21. Romney, D.H. (1979) Personal communication
22. Sharples, A. (1928) Pahn Diseases in Malaya. Malayan Ag. J 16, 313 XD
23. Sharples, A. (1933) Lightning storms and their significance in relation t o Cocos nucifera and Hevea brasiliensis. Ann. Appl Biol. 20 1 22
24. Tey, C.C. & Chan, E. (1980) Diseases of coconut palms in Peninsular Malaysia. Proc. Int Conf On Cocoa & Coconut, 1978. Pp. 692 707. Incorporated Society of Planters, Kuala Lumpur.
25. Turner, G.J. (1961) A wilt of the coconut palm in Sarawak. Ist interim report (typescript)
26. Turner, G.J. (1963) Observations on previously reported wilt of coconut palm in Sarawak. Trop. Ag. Trin. 40, 115 120
27. Turner, P.D., Jones, P. & Kenten, R.M.(1978). Coconut stern necrosis: a disease of hybrid and Malayan Dwarf coconuts in North Surnatra and Peninsular Malaysia Perak Planters' Association Journal 1978, pp. 33¬46
28. Van der Plank, J.E. (1963). Plant Diseases: epidemics and control. Academic press, New York & London, 349 pp.
29. Van der Plank, J.E. (l 975) Principles of Plant Infection. New York, Academic press 216 pp.
30. Whitehead, RA (1965) Speed of germination, a characteristic of possible taxonomic significance in Cocos nucifera L. Trop. Agric. Trin 42, 369¬372
31. Whitehead, R.A. (1966) Sample survey and collection of coconut germplasm in the Pacific Islands (30 May 5 September 1964). Ministry of Over¬seas Development. HMSO, London
32. Whitehead, R.A. (l968) Collection of coconut germplasm from the Indian/Malaysian Region, Peru and the Seychelles Islands and testing for resistance to Lethal Yellowing disease. FAO, PL: CP/I. 40 pp.
33. Wright, S. (l968 & 1969) Evolution and the Genetics of Populations: a treatise. U. Chicago Press, 2 vols. 469 pp & 5 11 pp.
2. Anon (1976) Coconut Industry Board, Jamaica, West Indies. Sixteenth Report of the Research Department. 46 pp
3. Anon (1977) The Coconut Research Station Saraoutou (New Hebrides). Institut de recherchespour les Huiles et Oleagineux Doc. 1.330
4. Bigomia, A.E. (1979) Personal conununication
5. Carter, W., Latta, R.K. & Suah, J.R.R. (1965). The symptoms of lethal yellowing disease of coconut palms. FAO Plant Prot. Bull. 13, 49 5 5
6. Dollet, M & de Taffin, G. (1979) Progress report on the virological study of the New Hebrides coconut disease. 1 Dec. 1978. IRHO Doc. 1437 (a) Paris.
7. Grylls, N. E. (l976) "La maladie" of coconut palms in New Hebrides
8. Harries, H.C. (197 1) Coconut varieties in America, Oleagianeux 26 235 242
9. Harries, H.C. (1973) Selection and breeding of coconuts for resistance to diseases such as lethal yellowing. Oleagianeux 28, 395 398
l0. Harries, H. C. (l 97 8) Lethal yellowmg disease of coconuts in global perspective. Phil. J Coconut Studies 3, 1 4
11. Harries, H.C. (1978) The evolution, dissemination and classification of Cocos nucifera. Botanical Review 44, 265 320.
12. Ho, D.T., Loh, H.P.& Chan, E.(1980) Germination, nursery practices and field planting techniques for MAWA hybrid coconut. Proc. Int. Conf Cocoa & Coconuts. Kuala Lumpur, Incorporated Society of Planters (1978) pp. 557 567
13. Hunt, P., Dabek, AJ. & Schuilmig, M. (1974). Rermission of symptoms following tetracyline treatment of lethal yellowing infected coconut pahns. Phytopathology 64, 607 312
14. Johnston, A. (1960). A preliminary plant disease surveymi Sarawak. FAO, Rome.
15. Leppik, E.E. (1970) Gene centres of plants as sources of disease resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopath. 8, 323 344.
16. Liyanage, D.V. (1978) Personal communication
17. Maramorosch, K. (1964) A survey of coconut diseases of unknown etiology. FAO, Rome.
18. Meadows, D.J. (1978) Personal communication
19. Purseglove, J.W. (1968) Origin and distribution of the coconut. Trop. Sci. 10. 191 199
20. Renard, J.L. Quillec, D. & Arnaud, F. (1975) Une nouvelle maladle du cocotier en pepiniere. Oleagineux 30, 169 112
21. Romney, D.H. (1979) Personal communication
22. Sharples, A. (1928) Pahn Diseases in Malaya. Malayan Ag. J 16, 313 XD
23. Sharples, A. (1933) Lightning storms and their significance in relation t o Cocos nucifera and Hevea brasiliensis. Ann. Appl Biol. 20 1 22
24. Tey, C.C. & Chan, E. (1980) Diseases of coconut palms in Peninsular Malaysia. Proc. Int Conf On Cocoa & Coconut, 1978. Pp. 692 707. Incorporated Society of Planters, Kuala Lumpur.
25. Turner, G.J. (1961) A wilt of the coconut palm in Sarawak. Ist interim report (typescript)
26. Turner, G.J. (1963) Observations on previously reported wilt of coconut palm in Sarawak. Trop. Ag. Trin. 40, 115 120
27. Turner, P.D., Jones, P. & Kenten, R.M.(1978). Coconut stern necrosis: a disease of hybrid and Malayan Dwarf coconuts in North Surnatra and Peninsular Malaysia Perak Planters' Association Journal 1978, pp. 33¬46
28. Van der Plank, J.E. (1963). Plant Diseases: epidemics and control. Academic press, New York & London, 349 pp.
29. Van der Plank, J.E. (l 975) Principles of Plant Infection. New York, Academic press 216 pp.
30. Whitehead, RA (1965) Speed of germination, a characteristic of possible taxonomic significance in Cocos nucifera L. Trop. Agric. Trin 42, 369¬372
31. Whitehead, R.A. (1966) Sample survey and collection of coconut germplasm in the Pacific Islands (30 May 5 September 1964). Ministry of Over¬seas Development. HMSO, London
32. Whitehead, R.A. (l968) Collection of coconut germplasm from the Indian/Malaysian Region, Peru and the Seychelles Islands and testing for resistance to Lethal Yellowing disease. FAO, PL: CP/I. 40 pp.
33. Wright, S. (l968 & 1969) Evolution and the Genetics of Populations: a treatise. U. Chicago Press, 2 vols. 469 pp & 5 11 pp.
Published
1998-12-01
How to Cite
L. Chiarappa. (1998). THE PROBABLE ORIGIN OF LETHAL YELLOWING AND ITS CO¬-IDENTITY WITH OTHER LETHAL DISEASE OF COCONUT. CORD, 14(01), 34. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v14i01.316
Section
Articles
