LEAF GAS EXCHANGE IN TWO DWARF COCONUT GENOTYPES IN THE SOUTHEAST OF BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL.
Keywords:
Leaf Gas, Dwarf Coconut Genotypes
Abstract
Net photosynthetic (A) and leaf transpiration (E) rates and stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs) of Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD) and Brazilian Green Dwarf (BGD) coconut accessions (Cocos nucifera var. ‘nana’ L.) were studied and discussed in terms of the technical aspects related to light-response curves in field conditions. Measurements of gas exchange were performed during four days, in April and may 2000, at the Cocoa Research Center Experimental Station (Una - BA, Brazil). The A, gs and E parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two genotypes. The mean maximum values of A, gs and E were 10.4 and 12.0 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, 0.21 and 0.35 mol H2O m-2 s-1 and 3.07 and 3.69 mmol m-2 s-1 for MYD and BGD, respectively. For both genotypes a good fitting of the light-response curve models were obtained, indicating that A and gs were dependent of the photosynthetically active radiation incident on leaf surface (Qi), in spite of high genotipic variation. Interesting results were achieved when an empirical multiplicative model was used. The model relating A or gs with Qi and with leaf-to-air water vapour pressure deficit inside the chamber (VPDL) was tested for both genotypes and showed a negative influence of the latter on the stomatal behavior and consequently on A. Such effect was more pronounced in BGD than in MYD. These and others relationships involving leaf gas exchange and microclimatic variables in coconut palm trees are discussed
References
BALL, J.T., WOODROW, I.E., BERRY, J.A. (1987) A model predicting stomatal conductance and its contribution to the control of photosynthesis under different environmental conditions. In Progress in Photosynthesis Research (J. Biggins, ed.), Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoffpus, 4: 221-225.
BARKER, M.G., PRESS, M.C., BROWN, N.D. (1997) Photosynthetic characteristics of dipterocarp seedlings in three tropical rain forest light environments: a basis for niche partitioning? Oecologia, 112: 453-463.
BRACONIER, S. (1998) Mesure des échanges gazeux foliares chez le cocotier. Plantations, recherche, dévelopment, 5(4): 269-276.
CINTRA, F.L.D., LEAL, M.L.S. and PASSOS, E.E.M. (1992) Distribution du système racinaire des cocotiers Nains. Oleagineux, 47(5): 225-234.
DAY, M. E. (2000) Influence of temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit on net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in red spruce (Picea rubens). Tree Physiology, 20: 57-63.
DOLMAN, A.J. (1988) Transpiration of an oak forest as predicted from parameter and weather data. Journal of Hydrology, 97: 225-234.
DOLMAN, A.J., VAN DEN BURG, G.J. (1988) Stomatal behavior in an oak canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 43: 99-108.
EHLERINGER, J.R., CERLING, T.E. (1955) Atmospheric CO2 and the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentrations in plants. Tree Physiology, 15: 105-111.
HOGAN, K.P., SMITH, A.P., SAMANIEGO, M. (1995) Gas exchange in six tropical semi-deciduous forest canopy tree species during wet and dry seasons. Biotropica, 27(3): 324-333.
IQBAL, R. M., RAO, A. ur-R., RASUL, E. and WAHID, A. (1997) Mathematical models and response functions in photosynthesis: an exponential model. In Handbook of photosynthesis (M. Pessarakli, Ed.), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, USA, 803-810.
ISHIDA, A., TOMA, T., MATSUMOTO, Y., YAP, S.K., MARUYAMA, Y. (1996) Diurnal changes in leaf characteristics in the uppermost canopy of a rain forest tree, Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. Tree Physiology, 16: 779-785.
JARVIS, P.G. (1976) The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 273: 593-610.
JAYASEKARA, C and JAYASEKARA, K.S. (1995) Photosynthetic characteristics of tropical tree species with special reference to palms. Energy Convers. Mgmt., 36(6-9): 919-922.
KASTURI BAI, K. V., VOLETI, S. R. and RAJAGOPAL, V. (1988) Water relations of coconut palms as influenced by environmental variables. Agriculture, Forestry, Meteorology, 43: 193-199.
KASTURI BAI, K. V., RAJAGOPAL, V. PRABHA, C. D., RATNAMBAL, M. J. and GEORGE, M. V. (1996) Evaluation of coconut cultivars and hybrids for dry matter production. Journal of Plantation Crops, 24: 23-28.
KASTURI BAI, K.V.; RAJAGOPAL, D.; BALASIMHA, D.; GOPALASUDARAM, P. (1997) Water relations, gas exchange and dry matter production of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Coconut Research and Development, 13(2): 45-58.
LEUNING, R. (1990) Modeling stomatal behaviour and photosynthesis of Eucalyptus grandis. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17: 159-75.
LUTTIGE, U. (1997) Physiological ecology of tropical plants. Berlin: Springer, 384p.
MANSFIELD, T. A. and DAVIES, W. J. (1985) Mechanisms for leaf control of gas exchange. Bioscience, 35(3): 158-164.
MATHEW, C. and RAMADASAN, A. (1974) Studies on photosynthesis in coconut. Rate of apparent photosynthesis. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 12: 589-590.
MATHEW, C. and RAMADASAN, A. (1975) Photosynthetic efficiency in relation to annual yield and chlorophyll content in coconut palm. Journal of Plantation Crops, 3: 26-28.
McCAUGHEY, J.H., IACOBELLI, A. (1994) Modeling stomatal conductance in a northern deciduous forest, Chalk River, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24: 904-910.
MIELKE, M.S.; OLIVA, M.A.; BARROS, N.F.; PENCHEL, R.M.; MARTINEZ, C.A.; ALMEIDA, A.C. (1999) Stomatal control of transpiration in the canopy of a clonal Eucalyptus grandis plantation. Trees, 13: 152-160.
MIELKE, M.S., OLIVA, M.A., BARROS, N.F., PENCHEL, R.M., MARTINEZ, C.A., FONSECA, S., ALMEIDA, A.C. (2000) Leaf gas exchange in a clonal eucalyptus plantation as related to soil moisture, leaf water potential and microclimate variables. Trees, 14: 263-270.
PASSOS, E.E.M., SILVA, J.V. (1990) Fonctionnement des stomates de cocotier (Cocos nucifera) au champ. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68: 458-460.
PASSOS, E.E.M., PRADO, C.H.B.A. and LEAL, M.L.S. (1999) Condutância estomática, potencial hídrico foliar e emissão de folhas e inflorescências em três genótipos de coqueiro anão. Agrotrópica, 11(3): 147-152.
PRADO, C.H.B.A., PASSOS, E.E.M. and MORAES, J.A.P.V. (2001) Photosynthesis and water relation of six tall genotypes of Cocos nucifera in wet and dry seasons. South African Journal of Botany, 67: 169-176.
RAJAGOPAL, V.; KASTURI BAI, K.V. (1999) Water relations and screening for drought tolerance. In Advances in plant physiology and biochemistry of coconut palm. (V. Rajagopal and A. Ramadasan, Eds.). Jakarta: APCC, pp. 55-72.
SHIVASHANKAR, S., KASTURI BAI, K. V. and RAMADASAN, A. (1982) A comparative study of coconut genotypes for component of photosynthesis and respiration. In Proc. Placrosym V (R.D. Iyer, Ed.), 231-234.
SHIVASHANKAR, S., KASTURI BAI, K. V. and RAJAGOPAL,V. (1991) Leaf water potential, stomatal resistance and activity of enzimes during development of moisture stress in the coconut palm. Tropical Agriculture, 68(2): 106-10.
STATSOFT, Inc. (1995) STATISTICA for Windows [Computer program manual]. Tulsa, OK, USA.
THORNLEY, J. H. M. and JOHNSON, I. R. (1990) Plant and crop modeling. A mathematical approach to plant and crop physiology. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
YANG, S., LIU, X. and TYREE, M. T. (1998) A model of stomatal conductance in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh). Journal of theoretical Biology, 191(2): 197-211.
BARKER, M.G., PRESS, M.C., BROWN, N.D. (1997) Photosynthetic characteristics of dipterocarp seedlings in three tropical rain forest light environments: a basis for niche partitioning? Oecologia, 112: 453-463.
BRACONIER, S. (1998) Mesure des échanges gazeux foliares chez le cocotier. Plantations, recherche, dévelopment, 5(4): 269-276.
CINTRA, F.L.D., LEAL, M.L.S. and PASSOS, E.E.M. (1992) Distribution du système racinaire des cocotiers Nains. Oleagineux, 47(5): 225-234.
DAY, M. E. (2000) Influence of temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit on net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in red spruce (Picea rubens). Tree Physiology, 20: 57-63.
DOLMAN, A.J. (1988) Transpiration of an oak forest as predicted from parameter and weather data. Journal of Hydrology, 97: 225-234.
DOLMAN, A.J., VAN DEN BURG, G.J. (1988) Stomatal behavior in an oak canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 43: 99-108.
EHLERINGER, J.R., CERLING, T.E. (1955) Atmospheric CO2 and the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentrations in plants. Tree Physiology, 15: 105-111.
HOGAN, K.P., SMITH, A.P., SAMANIEGO, M. (1995) Gas exchange in six tropical semi-deciduous forest canopy tree species during wet and dry seasons. Biotropica, 27(3): 324-333.
IQBAL, R. M., RAO, A. ur-R., RASUL, E. and WAHID, A. (1997) Mathematical models and response functions in photosynthesis: an exponential model. In Handbook of photosynthesis (M. Pessarakli, Ed.), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, USA, 803-810.
ISHIDA, A., TOMA, T., MATSUMOTO, Y., YAP, S.K., MARUYAMA, Y. (1996) Diurnal changes in leaf characteristics in the uppermost canopy of a rain forest tree, Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. Tree Physiology, 16: 779-785.
JARVIS, P.G. (1976) The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 273: 593-610.
JAYASEKARA, C and JAYASEKARA, K.S. (1995) Photosynthetic characteristics of tropical tree species with special reference to palms. Energy Convers. Mgmt., 36(6-9): 919-922.
KASTURI BAI, K. V., VOLETI, S. R. and RAJAGOPAL, V. (1988) Water relations of coconut palms as influenced by environmental variables. Agriculture, Forestry, Meteorology, 43: 193-199.
KASTURI BAI, K. V., RAJAGOPAL, V. PRABHA, C. D., RATNAMBAL, M. J. and GEORGE, M. V. (1996) Evaluation of coconut cultivars and hybrids for dry matter production. Journal of Plantation Crops, 24: 23-28.
KASTURI BAI, K.V.; RAJAGOPAL, D.; BALASIMHA, D.; GOPALASUDARAM, P. (1997) Water relations, gas exchange and dry matter production of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Coconut Research and Development, 13(2): 45-58.
LEUNING, R. (1990) Modeling stomatal behaviour and photosynthesis of Eucalyptus grandis. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17: 159-75.
LUTTIGE, U. (1997) Physiological ecology of tropical plants. Berlin: Springer, 384p.
MANSFIELD, T. A. and DAVIES, W. J. (1985) Mechanisms for leaf control of gas exchange. Bioscience, 35(3): 158-164.
MATHEW, C. and RAMADASAN, A. (1974) Studies on photosynthesis in coconut. Rate of apparent photosynthesis. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 12: 589-590.
MATHEW, C. and RAMADASAN, A. (1975) Photosynthetic efficiency in relation to annual yield and chlorophyll content in coconut palm. Journal of Plantation Crops, 3: 26-28.
McCAUGHEY, J.H., IACOBELLI, A. (1994) Modeling stomatal conductance in a northern deciduous forest, Chalk River, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24: 904-910.
MIELKE, M.S.; OLIVA, M.A.; BARROS, N.F.; PENCHEL, R.M.; MARTINEZ, C.A.; ALMEIDA, A.C. (1999) Stomatal control of transpiration in the canopy of a clonal Eucalyptus grandis plantation. Trees, 13: 152-160.
MIELKE, M.S., OLIVA, M.A., BARROS, N.F., PENCHEL, R.M., MARTINEZ, C.A., FONSECA, S., ALMEIDA, A.C. (2000) Leaf gas exchange in a clonal eucalyptus plantation as related to soil moisture, leaf water potential and microclimate variables. Trees, 14: 263-270.
PASSOS, E.E.M., SILVA, J.V. (1990) Fonctionnement des stomates de cocotier (Cocos nucifera) au champ. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68: 458-460.
PASSOS, E.E.M., PRADO, C.H.B.A. and LEAL, M.L.S. (1999) Condutância estomática, potencial hídrico foliar e emissão de folhas e inflorescências em três genótipos de coqueiro anão. Agrotrópica, 11(3): 147-152.
PRADO, C.H.B.A., PASSOS, E.E.M. and MORAES, J.A.P.V. (2001) Photosynthesis and water relation of six tall genotypes of Cocos nucifera in wet and dry seasons. South African Journal of Botany, 67: 169-176.
RAJAGOPAL, V.; KASTURI BAI, K.V. (1999) Water relations and screening for drought tolerance. In Advances in plant physiology and biochemistry of coconut palm. (V. Rajagopal and A. Ramadasan, Eds.). Jakarta: APCC, pp. 55-72.
SHIVASHANKAR, S., KASTURI BAI, K. V. and RAMADASAN, A. (1982) A comparative study of coconut genotypes for component of photosynthesis and respiration. In Proc. Placrosym V (R.D. Iyer, Ed.), 231-234.
SHIVASHANKAR, S., KASTURI BAI, K. V. and RAJAGOPAL,V. (1991) Leaf water potential, stomatal resistance and activity of enzimes during development of moisture stress in the coconut palm. Tropical Agriculture, 68(2): 106-10.
STATSOFT, Inc. (1995) STATISTICA for Windows [Computer program manual]. Tulsa, OK, USA.
THORNLEY, J. H. M. and JOHNSON, I. R. (1990) Plant and crop modeling. A mathematical approach to plant and crop physiology. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
YANG, S., LIU, X. and TYREE, M. T. (1998) A model of stomatal conductance in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh). Journal of theoretical Biology, 191(2): 197-211.
Published
2002-12-01
How to Cite
Gomes, F.P., Mielke, M.S., Almeida, A. F., & Muniz, W. S. (2002). LEAF GAS EXCHANGE IN TWO DWARF COCONUT GENOTYPES IN THE SOUTHEAST OF BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL. CORD, 18(02), 34. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v18i02.362
Section
Articles
